Isebenza njani ivalvu yokulawula umthwalo?

Ivalvu yokulawula umthwalo iqondisa ngokuchanekileyo ulwelo lwe-hydraulic oluxinzelelweyo ukusuka kwimpompo ukuya kwiisilinda ze-hydraulic kunye neemoto zomthwalo. Ezi zinto zivuselela imisebenzi efana nokuphakamisa, ukuthambekisa, kunye nezihlanganisi ezincedisayo. Olu lwalathiso luchanekileyo lolwelo luvumela umqhubi ukuba alawule intshukumo kunye namandla. Ivalvu yokulawula umqhubi welori idla ngokuphucula olu lawulo.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Umlayishiivalvu yokulawulaIlawula ulwelo lwe-hydraulic. Olu lwelo lunika amandla iintshukumo ze-loader, njengokuphakamisa nokuthambekela. Lunika umqhubi ulawulo oluchanekileyo.
• Ivalvu isebenzisa iispools ukukhokela ulwelo. Xa umqhubi eshukumisa i-lever, i-spool iyatshintsha. Oku kuthumela ulwelo kwicala lasekunene le-loader.
• Iimpawu zokhuseleko ezifanaiivalvu zokuncedazikhusela inkqubo. Zithintela uxinzelelo oluninzi ukuba lungaqokeleli. Oku kugcina ilori isebenza ngokukhuselekileyo.

Ukuqonda iiNdlela zoLawulo lweeValve zoLoader

Yintoni iValve yoLawulo lweLoader?

Ivalvu yokulawula umthwalo isebenza njengeyunithi yomyalelo ophakathi kwinkqubo ye-hydraulic yeloja. Ilawula ngokuchanekileyo ukuhamba kolwelo lwe-hydraulic oluxinzelelweyo. Olu lwelo luvela kwimpompo kwaye luhamba luye kwiisilinda ezahlukeneyo ze-hydraulic kunye nee-motor. Ezi zinto zinika amandla iintshukumo zeloja, ezifana nokuphakamisa ibhakede, ukuyithambekisa, okanye ukusebenzisa izihlanganisi ezincedisayo. Ivalvu iqinisekisa ukuba umqhubi ugcina ulawulo oluchanekileyo kuyo yonke imisebenzi.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo kunye nemisebenzi yazo

Ivalvu yokulawula umthwalo ineenxalenye ezibalulekileyo. Icandelo ngalinye lidlala indima ethile ekulawuleni ulwelo.

• Umzimba weValve: Le ndlu yomeleleyo inazo zonke izinto zangaphakathi. Ibonelela ngokuqina kwesakhiwo sayo yonke indibano.
• IiSpools: Ezi zinto zisilinda ziyintliziyo yevalvu. I-spool isebenza ngokuhamba ngaphakathi kwebhokisi evaliweyo. Umsebenzi wayo oyintloko ubandakanya ukuvala okanye ukuvula amazibuko. Esi senzo silawula indlela yokuhamba kolwelo ngokusekelwe kwindawo yalo. Kwivalvu yokulawula iloja, njengevalvu ye-joystick ye-3-spool, ii-spool zihlala ziqinile nge-chrome kwaye ziphakathi kwentwasahlobo. Zenzelwe ukusebenzisa ii-cylinders ezisebenza kabini. Ii-spool ezithile zihlala zizinikezela kwimisebenzi efana nokusebenza kwe-float okanye izihlanganisi zokulawula, umzekelo, i-grapple. Ukuhamba kwezi spool, ezihlala zilawulwa yi-joystick, kuvumela ukusebenza ngokuzimeleyo okanye ngaxeshanye kwemisebenzi yeloja.
• Izibuko Lokungena: Ulwelo lwe-hydraulic oluxinzelelweyo oluvela kwipompo lungena kwivalvu ngale mbobo.
• Izibuko lokuphuma (Izibuko leTanki): Ulwelo olubuya kwiisilinda okanye oludlula imisebenzi yokusebenza luphuma kwivalvu ngale chweba, lubuyela kwitanki ye-hydraulic.
• Iichweba Zomsebenzi: Ezi zikhumbi ziqhagamshela ngqo kwiisilinda ze-hydraulic okanye ii-motor. Zihambisa ulwelo ukuze kusebenze imisebenzi ethile yokulayisha.
• Iivalvu zokunceda: Ezi zixhobo zokhuseleko zikhusela inkqubo ye-hydraulic kuxinzelelo olugqithisileyo. Zivuleka ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze zibuyisele ulwelo etankini ukuba uxinzelelo ludlula umda obekiweyo.
• Jonga iiValvu: Ezi valves zendlela enye zithintela ulwelo lwe-hydraulic ukuba lungahambi ngasemva kwinkqubo. Ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye zithintela intshukumo engalindelekanga.

Ukusebenza kweValve ngeNyathelo

Ivalvu yokulawula umthwalo iphumeza imiyalelo ngokulandelelana kwezenzo ngokuchanekileyo.

1. Igalelo loMsebenzi: Umsebenzisi uqala umyalelo ngokushukumisa i-lever okanye i-joystick. Esi senzo ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo (nge-aivalvu yokulawula umqhubi womlayishi) iguqulela ekubeni ngamandla oomatshini.
2. Intshukumo yeSpool: La mandla abangela ukuba i-spool ethile ngaphakathi komzimba wevalvu isuke kwindawo yayo engathathi cala. I-spool ityibilika ecaleni kwe-axis yayo.
3. Ukuqondiswa kwakhona kolwelo: Njengoko i-spool ihamba, ivula iindlela ezithile zangaphakathi ize ivale ezinye. Esi senzo siqondisa ulwelo oluxinzelelweyo ukusuka kwi-inlet port ukuya kwi-work port ethile.
4. Ukusebenza kweCandelo: Ulwelo oluqondisiweyo lungena kwi-hydraulic cylinder okanye kwi-motor ehambelanayo. Olu xinzelelo lolwelo luyandisa okanye lubuyisela umva isilinda, okanye lujikelezisa i-motor, ngaloo ndlela lwenza umsebenzi wokulayisha ofunekayo.
5. Indlela yoBuyiselo loLwelo: Njengoko ulwelo lungena kwelinye icala lesilinda esebenza kabini, ulwelo oluvela kwelinye icala lubuyela kwivalvu. Indawo yespool iqondisa olu lwelo lubuyayo kwizibuko lokuphuma, iluthumela kwakhona kwitanki ye-hydraulic.
6. Indawo Engathathi cala: Xa umqhubi ekhulula ulawulo, izipringi zihlala ziphakathi kwespool. Kule ndawo ingathathi cala, ispool ivala zonke izibuko zomsebenzi. Ivumela ulwelo lwempompo ukuba ludlule imisebenzi yomsebenzi luze lubuyele ngqo etankini, nto leyo enciphisa ukuveliswa kobushushu kwaye igcine inkqubo ilungele.

Iintlobo zeeValve zoLawulo lweLoader kunye neendlela zoLawulo

Iinkqubo zeZiko eliVulekileyo vs. iiNkqubo zeZiko eliValiweyo

Iinkqubo ze-hydraulic zokulayisha zisebenzisa iintlobo ezimbini zoyilo: iziko elivulekileyo kunye neziko elivaliweyo. Ezi nkqubo zahluke kakhulu kwindlela ezilawula ngayo ukuhamba kolwelo kunye noxinzelelo.

Iinkqubo zeziko elivulekileyo zihlala zinokuhamba kweoyile. Ivalvu yokulawula inendlela evulekileyo ephakathi xa ingathathi cala. Oku kuvumela ulwelo ukuba lubuyele etankini. Ipompo ye-hydraulic luhlobo lokuhamba okuqhubekayo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iinkqubo zeziko elivaliweyo zihlala ziphantsi koxinzelelo. Ioyile ayihambi de kube ngumsebenzisi ovula i-lever. Iimpompo ziyahluka isantya sokuhamba kwazo, zimpompa ulwelo oluncinci kakhulu de ivalvu isebenze. I-spool yevalvu ayidingi ndlela evulekileyo yokubuyela etankini.

Uyilo lweMonoblock kunye neSectional Valve

Iivalvu zokulawula umthwalo ziza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngakumbi i-monoblock kunye ne-sectional.

• Iivalvu zeMonoblock: Ezi valves zinoyilo oluncinci. Oku kwenza kube lula ukufakelwa kwiindawo ezixineneyo. Zisebenzisa ulwakhiwo lwe-monoblock yesinyithi enamandla amakhulu. Oku kubonisa ulwakhiwo oluqinileyo, olunebhloko enye kunye nolwakhiwo. Iivalvu zolawulo olubhekiselele kwi-Monoblock zibonelela ngesakhiwo esincinci kunye nokuvuza okuncinci kwangaphandle. Oku kuzenza zilungele kakuhle ulawulo lwe-hydraulic kwimishini ephathwayo, kuquka izixhobo zezolimo kunye noomatshini abancinci bokwakha. Zihlala ziquka ii-spools eziqhelekileyo ezisebenza kabini ezine-spring return to neutral, ezifanelekileyo kwiisilinda ezisebenza kabini.
• Iivalvu zeCandelo: Ezi valve zibonelela ngokuziqhelanisa okukhulu. Uyilo lwazo lwemodyuli luvumela uhlengahlengiso kwiimashini ezahlukeneyo ezingaphandle kwendlela, kuquka ii-loaders. Olu hlengahlengiso, kunye nobunzima obuncitshisiweyo kunye nobukhulu obuncinci, luphucula ubunzima bomatshini kunye nendawo yokufakela. Iivalvu zecandelo zikwabonelela ngokuva umthwalo ngokuzimeleyo. Oku kulawula ngokuchanekileyo ukuhamba kolwelo, okukhokelela ekongeni amandla, ukuphucula ukusebenza komatshini, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwepetroli okuncitshisiweyo ngelixa kunyusa imveliso.

Ivalvu yoLawulo lweLoader Pilot kunye noLawulo lwe-elektroniki

Ivalvu yokulawula umqhubi womthwalo, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-ivalvu yesibambo somqhubi okanye i-joystick, ilawula ulwelo lwe-hydraulic ngaphakathi kwenkqubo ye-hydraulic yomatshini. Umqhubi usebenzisa isiphatho okanye i-lever ukulawula le valve. Esi senzo silawula isantya kunye necala lokuhamba kwezixhobo ze-hydraulic zomatshini. Kwinkqubo ye-loader, le valve yolawulo lomqhubi we-loader ilawula ngokuchanekileyo intshukumo yeengalo, iibhakethi, kunye nezinye izincamathiselo. Oku kuvumela izenzo ezifana nokuphakamisa, ukwehlisa, ukuthambekisa, okanye ukujikeleza. Itekhnoloji yokulawula i-hydraulic ephucukileyo ivumela ukusebenza okuthe tye nokuchanekileyo kwezixhobo ze-hydraulic. Uyilo lwe-valve ludla ngokuquka i-housing, i-handle okanye i-lever, kunye nezixhobo ze-hydraulic zangaphakathi ezifana nee-spools kunye nee-pistons. Ezi zixhobo zilawula ngokudibeneyo ukuhamba kunye noxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic fluid. Iinkqubo zolawulo lwe-elektroniki zonyusa ngakumbi ukuchaneka kunye nokudibana neminye imisebenzi yomatshini.

Igalelo loMsebenzi kunye neMpendulo yeNkqubo

Ulawulo lweLever kunye neJoystick

Abaqhubi balawula umsebenzi womlayishi ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezisebenzisekayo ezifana nee-levers kunye nee-joysticks. Ezi zilawuli ziguqulela igalelo lomntu kwimiyalelo ye-hydraulic. Izilawuli eziqhelekileyo ze-lever ziquka ii-joysticks ze-hydraulic zokuphakamisa ibhakethi, ukuthambeka, kunye nokulahla. Amavili okuqhuba okanye ii-levers zilawula intshukumo yomlayishi. Ii-levers zokulawula umlayishi zihlala zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokutshixa. Ezi zithintela ukusebenza ngengozi okanye ukubamba umsebenzi. Imizekelo ibandakanya ii-lever locks zemisebenzi emininzi kuyo yonke imisebenzi okanye imisebenzi nganye, ii-SCV lever locks, kunye nee-electronic locks. Xa umqhubi ehambisa i-joystick, ii-sensors zibona le ntshukumo yomzimba. Ezi sensors ziguqula intshukumo ibe ziisignali ze-elektroniki. Inkqubo yolawulo ifumana ezi signals kwaye itolike isenzo esicetywayo. Emva koko isebenzisa izinto ezifanelekileyo ze-hydraulic ukuze zenze umyalelo. Aivalvu yokulawula umqhubi womlayishiidla ngokwenza kube lula olu lawulo luchanekileyo, iguqulela iintshukumo ze-joystick zibe ziimpawu zoxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic.

Ukulawula Uxinzelelo kunye Nokuhamba

Iintshukumo ezichanekileyo zomthwalo zixhomekeke kulawulo oluntsonkothileyo loxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic kunye nokuhamba kwayo. IiValve zoLawulo loxinzelelo (ii-PCV) zigcina ukusebenza rhoqo kwaye zikhusela iinkqubo ekuguquguqukeni. Iivalve zokunceda zinciphisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu ngokujika ioyile egqithisileyo xa uxinzelelo luphezulu kakhulu. Ipiston okanye i-diaphragm efakwe entwasahlobo ibona uxinzelelo lolwelo lwe-hydraulic. Iphendula ngokuvula okanye ukuvala ivalve xa kufikelelwe kumda omiselweyo. Iimpompo zokuqonda umthwalo zibalulekile kulawulo oluchanekileyo lokuhamba kwayo. Zisebenza nenethiwekhi yezinto ukulawula uxinzelelo, ukuhamba kwayo, kunye nobushushu beoyile ye-hydraulic. Ulawulo lwe-electro-hydraulic kunye nolwe-pilot-hydraulic nazo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo. Zivumela abaqhubi ukuba balungise amazinga okuphendula kunye nokutshintsha iipatheni. Iimpompo zokuhambisa eziguquguqukayo zinegalelo kulawulo oluchanekileyo ngokulawula ngokufanelekileyo ukuhamba kwayo kunye noxinzelelo lweoyile.

Iimpawu zoKhuseleko kunye noKhuseleko lweNkqubo

Iinkqubo ze-hydraulic zifaka iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko ukuthintela umonakalo nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo. Iivalvu zokunceda zizinto ezibalulekileyo zokukhusela. Zikhusela inkqubo ye-hydraulic kuxinzelelo olugqithisileyo. Ngaphandle kokunciphisa uxinzelelo olufanelekileyo, iindawo ezinobuthathaka zinokuba neempembelelo ezonakalisayo. Oku kukhokelela ekugugeni kwangethuba okanye ukungaphumeleli okukhulu. Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lukwabangela ukwakheka kobushushu, ulwelo lwe-hydraulic luwohloka kwaye luvale. Iivalvu zokunceda uxinzelelo zithintela ezi ziphumo ziyingozi. Zisebenza njengendlela yokhuseleko ebalulekileyo ngokuchasene noxinzelelo olugqithisileyo. Ukuba kukho ukuvaleka okungaphantsi komsinga, uxinzelelo lunokwanda ngokukhawuleza. Ivalvu yokunceda ivuleka ukuze idlule inxalenye yolwelo. Ukuba uxinzelelo luyaqhubeka nokwakheka, ivalvu inokuvula ngokupheleleyo. Oku kudlula i-100% yokuhamba kwepompo. Nje ukuba uxinzelelo lubuyele kwisiqhelo, ivalvu iyavalwa. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo ihlala ikhuselekile kwaye isebenza.

Ivalvu yokulawula umthwalo isebenzisa iispools ezihambayo ngaphakathi komzimba wayo wevalvu. Ezi spools ziqondisa ngqo ulwelo lwe-hydraulic oluxinzelelweyo. Le ndlela inika amandla umqhubi ukulawula iintshukumo kunye nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yomthwalo. Abaqhubi bafumana ukuchaneka kunye namandla. Iimpawu zokhuseleko ezidibeneyo zihlala zikhusela yonke inkqubo ye-hydraulic.